ACLS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Early defibrillation is critical for survival, especially in shockable rhythms like VF/VT.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks should be performed every 2 minutes, coinciding with rescuer role switches, to evaluate for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic drug used as an alternative to amiodarone for VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given first in VF during cardiac arrest, followed by amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic after defibrillation attempts.

Incorrect. Pulse checks during CPR should not exceed 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. A sudden increase in PETCO2 is a reliable indicator of ROSC, reflecting improved circulation and gas exchange.

Incorrect. Positioning the patient with a slight left tilt prevents aortocaval compression and improves venous return during CPR.

Incorrect. If VF persists after defibrillation and epinephrine, amiodarone is administered to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is used to restore a normal rhythm in unstable atrial fibrillation.

Incorrect. The maximum dose of atropine for bradycardia is 3 mg, with doses given at 0.5 mg intervals every 3-5 minutes.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation begins at 2 J/kg for the first shock and increases as necessary for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be treated with warming measures.

Incorrect. Stabilizes the myocardium and suppresses arrhythmias during refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography provides real-time confirmation of ET tube placement and ensures proper ventilation.

Incorrect. Amiodarone stabilizes the myocardium and is given as a bolus for refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Post-ROSC care focuses on optimizing oxygenation, ventilation, and hemodynamic stability to prevent further organ damage.

Incorrect. Atrial flutter presents as a sawtooth pattern on the ECG and requires rate control or cardioversion depending on stability.

Incorrect. Chest compressions are performed to dislodge the obstruction and restore effective ventilation in an unresponsive infant.

Incorrect. Rotating team roles every 2 minutes prevents fatigue, ensuring consistent delivery of high-quality chest compressions.

Incorrect. A single rescuer performs 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths to maximize perfusion and oxygenation in pediatric CPR.

Incorrect. For adult CPR, the ratio ensures adequate perfusion and oxygenation when no advanced airway is in place.

Incorrect. Compressing the chest 2-2.4 inches ensures adequate blood flow while minimizing injury risks.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and must be corrected to restore spontaneous circulation.

Incorrect. Prevents progression to cardiac arrest by restoring a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. The compression fraction should be greater than 80% to maximize perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. Naloxone reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression, restoring normal respiratory function.

Incorrect. The recommended rate for chest compressions is 100-120 compressions per minute to maximize perfusion.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the priority for VF and should not be delayed for drug administration, as it is the definitive treatment.

Incorrect. Reduces the risk of oxidative stress and worsened outcomes by preventing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Adequate oxygenation and ventilation are critical to preventing hypoxia or hyperoxia after ROSC.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust maneuver opens the airway without moving the cervical spine, reducing the risk of spinal injury.

Incorrect. With an advanced airway in place, uninterrupted compressions improve blood flow while ventilation is delivered separately.

Incorrect. Pulse checks during CPR should not exceed 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. Prompt defibrillation within 30 seconds of witnessed VF arrest improves the chance of restoring a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. PEA is not a shockable rhythm; it is managed with high-quality CPR and addressing the underlying reversible causes.

Incorrect. TTM is used to reduce neurological injury post-ROSC by maintaining a core temperature of 32-36°C.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is repeated every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to enhance perfusion pressure.

Incorrect. Maximum energy for monophasic defibrillators; for biphasic, follow manufacturer recommendations.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the drug of choice for treating torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of PEA and can be treated with rapid fluid resuscitation.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is used after defibrillation and epinephrine for refractory VF to stabilize the myocardium.

Incorrect. Early stabilization of blood pressure and oxygenation is critical to preventing further cardiac arrest after ROSC.

Incorrect. CPR should be resumed immediately after defibrillation to maintain perfusion and increase the likelihood of ROSC.

Incorrect. PETCO2 readings above 10 mmHg during CPR indicate adequate chest compressions and cardiac output.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a potentially reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be addressed during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers stimulate the vagus nerve, often terminating reentrant arrhythmias causing narrow-complex tachycardia.

Incorrect. Dopamine is used to improve heart rate and contractility in bradycardia unresponsive to atropine.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is treated with defibrillation, while synchronized cardioversion is reserved for tachyarrhythmias with a pulse.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is critical for shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation and pulseless VT.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio ensures optimal oxygenation and circulation during two-rescuer CPR in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Epinephrine 1 mg IV/IO is administered every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to improve coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered every 3-5 minutes during pediatric cardiac arrest to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 reading above 10 mmHg indicates that chest compressions are generating sufficient circulation during CPR.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is one of the most common reversible causes of PEA and is addressed with high-quality oxygenation during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Adult defibrillation with a biphasic defibrillator typically starts at 120-200 J, not 360 J, depending on the manufacturer's guidelines.

Incorrect. Adenosine is the first-line drug for stable SVT, while synchronized cardioversion is used for unstable SVT.

Incorrect. TTM prevents further neurological injury by maintaining a controlled core temperature after ROSC.

Incorrect. The jaw-thrust avoids neck movement, making it the preferred airway technique for patients with suspected cervical spine injuries.

Incorrect. PEA is not a shockable rhythm; it is treated with CPR and addressing reversible causes such as hypoxia or hypovolemia.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest that can be treated with fluid resuscitation to restore circulation.

Incorrect. Atropine blocks vagal stimulation, increasing heart rate in cases of symptomatic bradycardia.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation is 92-96% to avoid hyperoxia, which can contribute to oxidative injury.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is used to treat torsades de pointes but is not the first-line drug for VF, where epinephrine is prioritized.

Incorrect. The most reliable method to confirm and monitor placement by measuring exhaled CO?.