ACLS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is treated with defibrillation, not atropine. Atropine is used for symptomatic bradycardia.

Incorrect. The correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR without an advanced airway is 30:2.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure caused by tension pneumothorax, improving ventilation and circulation.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion restores organized cardiac activity in unstable atrial flutter.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg and may increase to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if VF persists.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of PEA and can be treated with rapid fluid resuscitation.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary intervention for PEA, followed by epinephrine administration and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust technique opens the airway while minimizing cervical spine movement, reducing the risk of further injury.

Incorrect. Ventilations should be provided at a controlled rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to prevent hyperventilation.

Incorrect. First-line treatment to block vagal stimulation and increase heart rate.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and immediate defibrillation is the most effective treatment.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio ensures adequate oxygenation and circulation when no advanced airway is present.

Incorrect. TTM prevents further neurological injury by maintaining a controlled core temperature after ROSC.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 reading above 10 mmHg indicates adequate chest compressions and cardiac output during CPR.

Incorrect. Delivers an electrical shock to depolarize the heart and restore a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Defibrillation attempts should be separated by 2-minute CPR cycles to ensure effective perfusion and rhythm evaluation.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg to safely deliver an effective shock without causing harm.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is one of the most common reversible causes of PEA and is addressed with high-quality oxygenation during resuscitation.

Incorrect. A supine position ensures proper electrode placement and effective delivery of defibrillation shocks.

Incorrect. For unstable narrow, irregular tachycardias, synchronized cardioversion at 120-200 J is recommended.

Incorrect. Compressing the chest 2-2.4 inches ensures adequate blood flow while minimizing injury risks.

Incorrect. A rate of 100-120 compressions per minute ensures adequate circulation without risking incomplete recoil or excessive fatigue.

Incorrect. PETCO2 values greater than 10 mmHg during CPR indicate adequate chest compressions and blood circulation.

Incorrect. Defibrillation should be performed immediately after identifying VF, not delayed up to 10 minutes.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized electrical activity.

Incorrect. PETCO2 monitoring provides real-time feedback on ventilation and the effectiveness of chest compressions.

Incorrect. IO access provides a reliable alternative for rapid drug delivery during resuscitation when IV access cannot be obtained.

Incorrect. Atropine blocks vagal stimulation, increasing heart rate in cases of symptomatic bradycardia.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the first-line treatment for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Providing 6-8 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation and ventilation without interfering with chest compressions.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio is used during pediatric CPR with two rescuers to optimize ventilation and circulation.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is treated with defibrillation, while synchronized cardioversion is reserved for tachyarrhythmias with a pulse.

Incorrect. Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest and requires immediate defibrillation.

Incorrect. ROSC stands for "Return of Spontaneous Circulation," indicating the resumption of a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Interruptions in chest compressions should not exceed 10 seconds to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs.

Incorrect. PEA is treated with CPR, epinephrine, and identifying reversible causes to restore organized electrical activity.

Incorrect. Activating EMS ensures help is on the way while you assess and initiate resuscitation.

Incorrect. Positioning the patient with a slight left tilt prevents aortocaval compression and improves venous return during CPR.

Incorrect. Maintaining oxygen saturation at 92-96% avoids hypoxia while preventing hyperoxia, which can cause further tissue damage.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is used to stabilize wide-complex tachycardias in stable patients to prevent deterioration into cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. PETCO2 monitoring helps assess the effectiveness of both ventilation and chest compressions in real-time during CPR.

Incorrect. Adequate oxygenation and ventilation are critical to preventing hypoxia or hyperoxia after ROSC.

Incorrect. Maintaining a compression fraction above 80% ensures adequate blood flow during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at a dose of 0.5 mg every 3-5 minutes during bradycardia, up to a maximum dose of 3 mg.

Incorrect. Ventilations are delivered at a rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to prevent hyperventilation.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic drug used as an alternative to amiodarone for VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and defibrillation is the primary treatment to restore an organized rhythm.

Incorrect. Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and reduces the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias caused by hyperkalemia.

Incorrect. TTM helps reduce neurological injury after ROSC by maintaining a target temperature between 32-36°C.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, administered into the mid-thigh for rapid absorption.

Incorrect. PETCO2 levels greater than 10 mmHg suggest that chest compressions are generating adequate circulation.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given first in VF during cardiac arrest, followed by amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic after defibrillation attempts.

Incorrect. Stabilizes the myocardium and suppresses arrhythmias during refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is the most effective intervention for a witnessed cardiac arrest in VF.

Incorrect. Maintains vasoconstriction, improving blood flow to vital organs during resuscitation.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% ensures that the majority of CPR time is spent delivering chest compressions to improve outcomes.

Incorrect. Atropine doses should not exceed 3 mg during bradycardia management to avoid adverse effects.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and defibrillation is the most effective intervention to restore a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Early defibrillation is critical for survival, especially in shockable rhythms like VF/VT.

Incorrect. PEA is not treated with adenosine; it is managed with CPR, epinephrine, and identifying and treating reversible causes.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is the first-line drug for VF, with amiodarone as the preferred antiarrhythmic for refractory cases.

Incorrect. The most reliable method to confirm and monitor placement by measuring exhaled CO?.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained at 92-96% to avoid hypoxia and reduce the risk of hyperoxia and oxidative stress.

Incorrect. Adenosine is contraindicated in unstable patients; synchronized cardioversion is the treatment of choice in such cases.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given to improve perfusion pressure and increase the chance of ROSC in persistent VF.