Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to avoid interference.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Switching roles every 2 minutes ensures high-quality compressions without fatigue.

For suspected spinal injury, the jaw thrust maneuver should be used instead of head tilt-chin lift.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

Pediatric AED pads should be used for children under 8 years old, if available.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

An AED analyzes the heart rhythm and delivers a shock if a shockable rhythm is present.

Chest compressions maintain circulation and deliver oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

The carotid artery is the preferred site for pulse assessment in unresponsive adults.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Clear role assignment and minimizing interruptions optimize CPR quality in a team setting.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

For an unresponsive, pulseless patient, immediate chest compressions are the priority.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

Breathing assessment should take no more than 10 seconds to avoid delaying CPR.

High-quality chest compressions are the top priority in cardiac arrest, with ventilation as a secondary focus.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

CPR should continue until the patient shows signs of life, an AED prompts a shock or no shock, or another trained provider takes over.

Breaths should be delivered over 1 second each to produce visible chest rise.

The two-thumb encircling technique is preferred for two-rescuer infant CPR, while single rescuers typically use two fingers.

For single-rescuer infant CPR, use two fingers just below the nipple line to perform compressions.

If a patient has a pulse but is not breathing adequately, healthcare providers should provide rescue breathing without chest compressions.

Shifting the uterus to the left reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava, improving circulation.

The best way to ensure effective ventilation is by observing visible chest rise with each breath.

Early defibrillation is the most critical step in increasing survival rates for patients in cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm.

An AED is used on patients who are unresponsive, pulseless, and not breathing.

Gasping (agonal breathing) is not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Equal chest rise confirms proper ventilation and airway placement.

Single-rescuer infant CPR follows the 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, just like adults.

Each breath should be given over 1 second with just enough volume to see the chest rise.

Effective compressions allow full chest recoil, ensuring proper circulation.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and minimizes interruptions.

Unlike adults, the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children is respiratory failure leading to hypoxia.

To minimize interruptions in care, breathing and pulse checks should be performed simultaneously, taking no more than 10 seconds.

Infant chest compressions should be at least 1/3 of the chest depth, approximately 1.5 inches (4 cm).

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

For two-rescuer pediatric CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

High-quality chest compressions help circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for healthcare providers as it delivers more effective ventilations.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

Closed-loop communication ensures that orders are acknowledged and carried out correctly.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

Visible chest rise is the best indicator that rescue breaths are effectively ventilating the lungs.