A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

Chest compressions maintain circulation and deliver oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

The carotid artery is the preferred site for pulse assessment in unresponsive adults.

If a choking victim can cough or speak, encourage them to keep coughing rather than immediately performing abdominal thrusts.

Rescue breathing should be initiated for a patient with a pulse but no normal breathing.

Gasping (agonal breathing) is not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Defibrillation should be performed as soon as a shockable rhythm is detected by the AED.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for healthcare providers as it delivers more effective ventilations.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Breaths should be delivered over 1 second each to produce visible chest rise.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

For suspected spinal injury, the jaw thrust maneuver should be used instead of head tilt-chin lift.

Equal chest rise confirms proper ventilation and airway placement.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

If a patient has a pulse but is not breathing adequately, healthcare providers should provide rescue breathing without chest compressions.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes to maintain high-quality CPR and prevent fatigue.

For suspected spinal injuries, the jaw thrust maneuver is used instead of head tilt-chin lift to maintain spinal alignment.

For a responsive choking adult, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) should be used.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions are given with 1 breath every 6 seconds.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Over-ventilation can increase intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

Pulse checks should be limited to 10 seconds to avoid delaying CPR.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

For a choking infant, back slaps and chest thrusts should be used instead of abdominal thrusts.

Agonal gasps are not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Ventilations should be given every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

An AED is used on patients who are unresponsive, pulseless, and not breathing.

The correct compression depth for adult CPR is at least 2 inches (5 cm).

CPR should continue until the patient shows signs of life, an AED prompts a shock or no shock, or another trained provider takes over.

Naloxone should only be administered if opioid overdose is suspected.

Switching roles every 2 minutes ensures high-quality compressions without fatigue.

Before starting CPR, check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds to determine if compressions are needed.

Pulse checks should be performed approximately every 2 minutes when providing rescue breathing.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

Most AEDs are programmed to reanalyze the heart rhythm every 2 minutes.

The E-C clamp technique ensures a tight seal while lifting the jaw for an open airway.

Shifting the uterus to the left reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava, improving circulation.

Visible chest rise is the best indicator that rescue breaths are effectively ventilating the lungs.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to avoid interference.

If the AED does not advise a shock, rescuers should immediately resume CPR.

After a shock is delivered, chest compressions should resume immediately to maintain circulation.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures continuous, high-quality CPR.

An AED analyzes the heart rhythm and delivers a shock if a shockable rhythm is present.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Breathing assessment should take no more than 10 seconds to avoid delaying CPR.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.