If there is any doubt about the presence of a pulse, start chest compressions immediately.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

For suspected spinal injury, the jaw thrust maneuver should be used instead of head tilt-chin lift.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

For suspected spinal injuries, the jaw thrust maneuver is used instead of head tilt-chin lift to maintain spinal alignment.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions are given with 1 breath every 6 seconds.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes to maintain high-quality CPR and prevent fatigue.

The correct compression depth for adult CPR is at least 2 inches (5 cm).

Chest compressions should continue while the AED is charging to maintain circulation.

Ventilations should be given every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

For adults with a pulse but not breathing, provide 1 breath every 5-6 seconds.

For a responsive choking adult, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) should be used.

Defibrillation should be performed as soon as a shockable rhythm is detected by the AED.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to ensure proper function.

Equal chest rise and fall confirms proper ventilation and airway placement.

Breaths should be delivered over 1 second each to produce visible chest rise.

Over-ventilation can lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

Before starting CPR, check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds to determine if compressions are needed.

If a patient is unresponsive with a suspected airway obstruction, chest compressions should be initiated immediately to help clear the airway.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Unless a valid DNR order is confirmed, resuscitation efforts should begin.

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

Closed-loop communication ensures that orders are acknowledged and carried out correctly.

CPR should continue until the patient shows signs of life, an AED prompts a shock or no shock, or another trained provider takes over.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

Naloxone should only be administered if opioid overdose is suspected.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Each breath should be given over 1 second with just enough volume to see the chest rise.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for healthcare providers as it delivers more effective ventilations.

High-quality CPR for children requires compressing at least 1/3 of the chest depth (about 2 inches or 5 cm).

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and minimizes interruptions.

High-quality chest compressions help circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions should be given at 100-120 per minute without pausing for breaths.

Agonal gasps are not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

For adults with an advanced airway, ventilation should be given at a rate of 1 breath every 6 seconds.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

The two-thumb encircling hands technique is the preferred method for two-rescuer infant CPR, as it provides better depth and control.

For infants, responsiveness is assessed by tapping the bottom of the foot and shouting.

Shifting the uterus to the left reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava, improving circulation.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Unlike adults, the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children is respiratory failure leading to hypoxia.

Switching roles every 2 minutes minimizes interruptions and maintains high-quality CPR.