For single-rescuer infant CPR, use two fingers just below the nipple line to perform compressions.

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

Before starting CPR, check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds to determine if compressions are needed.

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for healthcare providers as it delivers more effective ventilations.

For adult CPR, compressions should be performed with two hands, one on top of the other, placed on the lower half of the sternum.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions should be given at 100-120 per minute without pausing for breaths.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures continuous, high-quality CPR.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

High-quality CPR for adults requires compressions at least 2 inches deep at a rate of 100-120 per minute.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Ventilations should be given every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

Chest compressions should continue while the AED is charging to maintain circulation.

For a responsive choking adult, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) should be used.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Over-ventilation can increase intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

An AED analyzes the heart rhythm and delivers a shock if a shockable rhythm is present.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

If a choking victim becomes unresponsive and pulseless, CPR should begin immediately, starting with compressions.

Clear role assignment and minimizing interruptions optimize CPR quality in a team setting.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

When a shockable rhythm is detected, defibrillation should be performed as soon as possible.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions are given with 1 breath every 6 seconds.

The E-C clamp technique ensures a tight seal while lifting the jaw for an open airway.

For suspected spinal injuries, the jaw thrust maneuver is used instead of head tilt-chin lift to maintain spinal alignment.

For children, compress the chest at least 1/3 of its diameter (about 2 inches or 5 cm).

Single-rescuer infant CPR follows the 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, just like adults.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct ratio is 15:2, not 30:2.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

Unlike adults, the most common cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children is respiratory failure leading to hypoxia.

Switching roles every 2 minutes minimizes interruptions and maintains high-quality CPR.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Each breath should be given over 1 second with just enough volume to see the chest rise.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

Breathing assessment should take no more than 10 seconds to avoid delaying CPR.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

If the AED does not advise a shock, rescuers should immediately resume CPR.

Over-ventilation can lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Most AEDs are programmed to reanalyze the heart rhythm every 2 minutes.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

For suspected spinal injury, the jaw thrust maneuver should be used instead of head tilt-chin lift.

For adults with an advanced airway, ventilation should be given at a rate of 1 breath every 6 seconds.

For infants, the correct pulse check location is the brachial artery (inside the upper arm).