ALGORITHM FOR HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK

Hypovolemic shock results from inadequate circulating blood volume, often due to dehydration or hemorrhage. Prompt recognition and intervention are critical to restoring perfusion and preventing organ failure.

Signs of Hypovolemic Shock:

• Tachycardia and weak pulses.
• Delayed capillary refill.
• Cool, clammy skin.
• Decreased urine output.

Management Algorithm:

• Step 1: Provide high-flow oxygen to optimize oxygen delivery.
• Step 2: Establish vascular access (IV or IO).
• Step 3: Administer isotonic fluids (e.g., normal saline or lactated Ringer’s) in 20 mL/kg boluses.
• Step 4: Reassess after each bolus and continue fluid resuscitation until perfusion improves.
• Step 5: Identify and address the underlying cause (e.g., control bleeding or treat dehydration).

Rapid and effective treatment of hypovolemic shock improves survival and prevents progression to cardiac arrest.