PEDIATRIC AGE DEFINITIONS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES

Understanding age-specific physiological differences is crucial in managing pediatric emergencies. Age definitions help guide interventions, equipment choices, and medication dosages.

Age Classifications:

• Neonate: Birth to 28 days.
• Infant: 1 month to 1 year.
• Child: 1 year to puberty.

Physiological Differences:

• Airway: Smaller, more anterior airways with a larger tongue relative to the mouth.
• Respiratory System: Higher respiratory rates and greater susceptibility to fatigue during distress.
• Cardiac System: Higher baseline heart rates and a greater dependence on heart rate to maintain cardiac output.
• Metabolic Rate: Higher metabolic demand increases susceptibility to hypoglycemia.

Tailoring care to these physiological differences is essential for effective pediatric resuscitation.