What to Expect

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup and airway obstruction.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation are the first-line treatments for bradycardia caused by hypoxia; lidocaine is used for arrhythmias.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation are the first-line treatments for pediatric bradycardia, addressing the most common cause: hypoxia.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery stabilizes respiratory distress and improves oxygen saturation in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. The maximum single dose of adenosine for terminating SVT in pediatric patients is 12 mg, administered as a rapid IV push.

Incorrect. For one-rescuer infant CPR, compressions are performed using two fingers just below the nipple line.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO to improve perfusion during cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg IV every 3-5 minutes for pediatric bradycardia unresponsive to oxygenation.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is crucial to restoring a perfusing rhythm in shockable cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. The initial energy dose for defibrillation in VF or pulseless VT is 2 J/kg, increasing as needed for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. The first defibrillation dose for pediatric pulseless VT starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is indicated in unstable SVT to restore a normal sinus rhythm safely.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio is used for neonatal CPR to prioritize ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg is recommended for septic shock to restore perfusion and stabilize circulation.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and is treated with rapid fluid resuscitation to restore perfusion.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates adequate chest compressions and cardiac output during CPR.

Incorrect. The initial defibrillation dose for pediatric VF is 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Oxygen is the initial intervention for pediatric bradycardia caused by hypoxia to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. ROSC refers to the restoration of spontaneous cardiac activity with a detectable pulse and effective circulation.

Incorrect. Neonates in hypovolemic shock receive an initial fluid bolus of 10 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid.

Incorrect. Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause of PEA and should be corrected to restore normal metabolic and cardiac function.

Incorrect. PEA is a non-shockable rhythm and is managed with high-quality CPR, epinephrine, and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac cells and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique ensures effective chest compressions and promotes better blood flow in infants.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure and restores ventilation in cases of tension pneumothorax.

Incorrect. During respiratory arrest, rescue breaths are delivered at a rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to ensure adequate oxygenation.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg to avoid adverse effects during pediatric bradycardia treatment.

Incorrect. For cardiogenic shock, smaller fluid boluses of 5-10 mL/kg are preferred to avoid fluid overload due to poor cardiac function.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Adenosine is given as a rapid IV push at 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT caused by reentrant pathways.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause and is treated with fluid resuscitation to restore circulating volume and perfusion.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation when a child becomes unresponsive.

Incorrect. The cumulative maximum dose of amiodarone in pediatric cardiac arrest is 15 mg/kg IV/IO, given in divided doses.

Incorrect. The recommended compression rate for children is 100-120 compressions per minute, ensuring effective perfusion.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute with an advanced airway ensures oxygenation without over-ventilating.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg to deliver an effective shock safely, increasing to 4 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio is used for single-rescuer CPR in pediatric patients to ensure adequate circulation and oxygenation.

Incorrect. The first shock in pediatric cardiac arrest is delivered at 2 J/kg to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Vasopressors like epinephrine or dopamine are used to improve cardiac output and perfusion.

Incorrect. The maximum dose of atropine for pediatric bradycardia is 1 mg for children and 3 mg for adolescents.

Incorrect. Adenosine is the first-line drug for stable SVT and is used to interrupt reentrant tachyarrhythmias.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is the first-line treatment to reverse cardiovascular collapse and airway swelling in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to evaluate for shockable rhythms or changes in the patient’s condition.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing the rhythm.

Incorrect. Maintaining oxygen saturation between 90-95% prevents hypoxia and avoids the risks of hyperoxia in neonates.

Incorrect. A compression fraction greater than 80% ensures that most of the resuscitation time is spent on chest compressions.

Incorrect. Vasopressors help improve perfusion and cardiac output when fluid resuscitation alone is insufficient.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the leading reversible cause of cardiac arrest in children and should be addressed promptly with oxygenation.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths deliver oxygen to maintain adequate ventilation in children with respiratory arrest and a pulse.

Incorrect. Adenosine is the first-line drug for stable SVT, given as a rapid IV push to interrupt reentrant tachyarrhythmias.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for stabilizing cardiac cells in torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation) indicates the restoration of effective blood flow with a detectable pulse.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push at an initial dose of 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is used to treat torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR should be continued while searching for and addressing reversible causes of PEA.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is essential in managing PEA while addressing potential reversible causes.

Incorrect. Atropine is used to treat bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone or primary conduction abnormalities.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation gradually increases after birth, with a target of 60-65% during the first minute of neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO is administered every 3-5 minutes to improve perfusion during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. The preferred method is waveform capnography, as it provides continuous monitoring and confirmation of tube placement.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg fluid bolus is standard for pediatric hypovolemic shock to restore circulating volume.

Incorrect. IV access is the preferred route for drug delivery during resuscitation, ensuring rapid and reliable administration.

Incorrect. PEA is a non-shockable rhythm and is managed with high-quality CPR and addressing reversible causes such as hypoxia or hypovolemia.