PALS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures effective perfusion without causing injury during infant CPR.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography is the most reliable method for confirming and monitoring ET tube placement.

Incorrect. Compressions at 1/3 the depth of the chest ensure adequate circulation without risking internal injuries.

Incorrect. Neonatal oxygen saturation gradually increases after birth, reaching 80-85% within the first 5 minutes.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Neonates require oxygen saturation levels of 90-95% to support optimal oxygen delivery without causing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Delivering 8-10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. Back blows are delivered to clear a complete airway obstruction in infants and younger children.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is given at 5 mg/kg IV/IO for ventricular tachycardia with a pulse to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm and requires immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. The cumulative maximum dose of amiodarone in pediatric cardiac arrest is 15 mg/kg IV/IO, given in divided doses.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, improving perfusion and reducing airway swelling.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is one of the "H's" in reversible causes of cardiac arrest and is treated with active rewarming.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary treatment for shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is administered at 5 mg/kg IV/IO for refractory VF or pulseless VT in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. The encircling thumbs technique provides high-quality compressions for infants and ensures uniform pressure distribution.

Incorrect. Oxygen is the initial intervention for pediatric bradycardia caused by hypoxia to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. Lidocaine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg/kg to avoid toxicity during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute optimizes perfusion while preventing rescuer fatigue.

Incorrect. The total dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg to avoid toxicity.

Incorrect. A bolus of 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in severe upper airway obstruction.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation and ventilation, preventing cardiac arrest in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg during pediatric resuscitation to avoid adverse effects.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary intervention for shockable rhythms like VF and pulseless VT in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% ensures most of the resuscitation time is spent delivering compressions for optimal circulation.

Incorrect. If VF persists after the initial defibrillation at 2 J/kg, the next dose is 4 J/kg, and subsequent shocks should not exceed 10 J/kg.

Incorrect. Fluid resuscitation restores perfusion, and antibiotics address the infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause of PEA and should be corrected to restore normal metabolic and cardiac function.

Incorrect. ROSC refers to the restoration of spontaneous cardiac activity with a detectable pulse and effective circulation.

Incorrect. The recommended compression rate for high-quality CPR in children is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) reduces respiratory effort and improves ventilation in children with respiratory distress.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to assess the need for defibrillation or changes in treatment.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac cells and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures high-quality chest compressions.

Incorrect. Rescuer roles should be rotated every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue and maintain effective chest compressions.

Incorrect. ROSC refers to the resumption of effective blood circulation and detectable pulse following cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. The maximum atropine dose for pediatric bradycardia is 3 mg total, with individual doses capped at 0.5 mg for children.

Incorrect. The maximum dose of adenosine for terminating SVT in pediatric patients is 12 mg, administered as a rapid IV push.

Incorrect. PEA is a non-shockable rhythm and is managed with high-quality CPR and addressing reversible causes such as hypoxia or hypovolemia.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide oxygenation to prevent deterioration to cardiac arrest in children with a pulse.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms and monitors proper endotracheal tube placement.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique ensures effective chest compressions and promotes better blood flow in infants.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is the first-line treatment to reverse cardiovascular collapse and airway swelling in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. For one-rescuer infant CPR, compressions are performed using two fingers just below the nipple line.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg and may increase to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. Adenosine is used to terminate reentrant arrhythmias in SVT by slowing conduction through the AV node.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to improve coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to improve perfusion and chances of ROSC.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment to reverse airway swelling and cardiovascular compromise in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is the first-line treatment for unstable SVT in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio ensures sufficient oxygenation and circulation when only one rescuer is available for pediatric CPR.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation during the first 5 minutes of neonatal resuscitation is 80-85%, gradually increasing to 90-95%.

Incorrect. Encouraging spontaneous clearance prevents worsening of the obstruction in children with partial airway blockage.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve ventilation in children with breathing difficulties.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg is used to rehydrate children with dehydration and adequate cardiac function.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock to reverse airway constriction and hypotension.

Incorrect. The first shock in pediatric cardiac arrest is delivered at 2 J/kg to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is used to treat unstable VT with a pulse to restore a normal rhythm and improve hemodynamics.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for stabilizing cardiac cells in torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus, typically 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, is the first step in treating hypovolemic shock in children.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating bradycardia when oxygenation and ventilation do not resolve the issue.