PALS Provider: Course

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute optimizes perfusion while preventing rescuer fatigue.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is the preferred antiarrhythmic for stabilizing wide-complex tachycardia in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. The total cumulative dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary intervention for shockable rhythms like VF and pulseless VT in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained between 94-98% to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia post-resuscitation.

Incorrect. Neonates require oxygen saturation levels of 90-95% to support optimal oxygen delivery without causing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac cells and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the most common cause of pediatric bradycardia, and oxygenation and ventilation often resolve it.

Incorrect. During respiratory arrest, rescue breaths are delivered at a rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to ensure adequate oxygenation.

Incorrect. The cumulative maximum dose of amiodarone in pediatric cardiac arrest is 15 mg/kg IV/IO, given in divided doses.

Incorrect. Atropine is dosed at 0.02 mg/kg, with a maximum single dose of 0.5 mg for children and 1 mg for adolescents.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Oxygen improves oxygenation and stabilizes respiratory function in children with severe distress.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio prioritizes ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. The initial defibrillation dose for pediatric VF is 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and is treated by correcting blood glucose levels.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation for children with a pulse but insufficient respiratory effort.

Incorrect. The initial energy dose for defibrillation in VF or pulseless VT is 2 J/kg, increasing as needed for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Atropine is administered at 0.02 mg/kg IV/IO for pediatric bradycardia due to vagal stimulation or primary AV block.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is one of the most common reversible causes of PEA and is addressed with oxygenation and ventilation.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg during pediatric resuscitation to avoid adverse effects.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access is a fast and reliable method for drug and fluid administration when IV access is not immediately available.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. PEA is a non-shockable rhythm and is managed with high-quality CPR and addressing reversible causes such as hypoxia or hypovolemia.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve ventilation in children with breathing difficulties.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio is used for neonatal CPR to prioritize ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is administered at 25-50 mg/kg for torsades de pointes in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. The first shock in pediatric cardiac arrest is delivered at 2 J/kg to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Rescuer roles should be rotated every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue and maintain effective chest compressions.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is administered immediately to address airway swelling and improve respiratory function in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Early administration of epinephrine within 2 minutes improves outcomes in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Delivering 8-10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. Vasopressors help improve perfusion and cardiac output when fluid resuscitation alone is insufficient.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid bolus is recommended to restore perfusion in septic shock.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes, stabilizing cardiac cells and correcting QT prolongation.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks every 2 minutes minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. Neonates should achieve oxygen saturation between 90-95% within 10 minutes to ensure adequate oxygenation without hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment for stable SVT to interrupt the reentrant circuit causing tachycardia.

Incorrect. A compression fraction greater than 80% ensures that most of the resuscitation time is spent on chest compressions.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg to treat bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone or primary AV block.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring immediate CPR and epinephrine administration.

Incorrect. Fluids are given to restore circulation, and antibiotics address the underlying infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks should occur every 2 minutes to evaluate the need for defibrillation or adjustments in treatment.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve oxygenation in children with severe distress.

Incorrect. The first-line treatment for bradycardia caused by hypoxia is oxygenation and ventilation; atropine is used if bradycardia persists.

Incorrect. Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures high-quality chest compressions.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered at 0.1 mg/kg as a rapid IV push for treating narrow-complex SVT in children.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the chest depth ensures adequate perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury during CPR.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% ensures most of the resuscitation time is spent delivering compressions for optimal circulation.

Incorrect. CPR is continued while monitoring for any changes and attempting to identify hidden reversible causes of PEA.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms ET tube placement and monitors ventilation in real time.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated immediately to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation in an unresponsive child.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup.

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute ensures adequate circulation during CPR.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation are the first-line treatments for pediatric bradycardia, addressing the most common cause: hypoxia.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is used to treat torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates adequate chest compressions and cardiac output during CPR.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment to terminate SVT in stable pediatric patients by slowing AV node conduction.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg to deliver an effective shock safely, increasing to 4 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm and requires immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. The defibrillation dose increases to 4 J/kg for refractory VF after the initial 2 J/kg shock.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates effective chest compressions and perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO every 3-5 minutes during neonatal resuscitation.