PALS Provider: Course

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring immediate CPR and epinephrine administration.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths ensure oxygenation and prevent further deterioration in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Early administration of epinephrine within 2 minutes improves outcomes in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for pediatric SVT and increases as needed based on clinical response.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation for neonates during the first 10 minutes is 80-85%, gradually increasing to 90-95% later.

Incorrect. Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and is treated by correcting blood glucose levels.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is administered immediately to address airway swelling and improve respiratory function in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained at 94-98% to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg is used to rehydrate children with dehydration and adequate cardiac function.

Incorrect. A bolus of 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. If VF persists after the initial defibrillation at 2 J/kg, the next dose is 4 J/kg, and subsequent shocks should not exceed 10 J/kg.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide oxygenation to prevent deterioration to cardiac arrest in children with a pulse.

Incorrect. The recommended compression rate for high-quality CPR in children is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the leading cause of pediatric bradycardia and should be addressed with oxygenation and ventilation.

Incorrect. The recommended compression depth for children is 1/3 the depth of the chest, which is approximately 2 inches.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is the first-line treatment to reverse cardiovascular collapse and airway swelling in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks every 2 minutes minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. Fluid resuscitation, typically 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) reduces respiratory effort and improves ventilation in children with respiratory distress.

Incorrect. Compressions at 1/3 the depth of the chest ensure adequate perfusion without risking internal injuries.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause and is treated with fluid resuscitation to restore circulating volume and perfusion.

Incorrect. Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause of PEA and should be corrected to restore normal metabolic and cardiac function.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push at an initial dose of 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Bag-mask ventilation supports oxygenation and prevents deterioration to cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Defibrillation for pediatric pulseless VT starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks as needed.

Incorrect. Hypoxia-induced bradycardia is treated with oxygen to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. CPR is continued while monitoring for any changes and attempting to identify hidden reversible causes of PEA.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg IV is administered during neonatal resuscitation to improve cardiac contractility and perfusion.

Incorrect. The total cumulative dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary treatment for PEA while addressing potential reversible causes.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated immediately to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation in an unresponsive child.

Incorrect. Rescuer roles should be rotated every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue and maintain effective chest compressions.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access is a fast and reliable method for drug and fluid administration when IV access is not immediately available.

Incorrect. Pulse checks should be limited to 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute ensures adequate circulation during CPR.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures effective perfusion without causing injury during infant CPR.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery stabilizes respiratory distress and improves oxygen saturation in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is used as an antiarrhythmic in cardiac arrest, with a cumulative dose limit of 3 mg/kg.

Incorrect. The compression-to-ventilation ratio for neonatal CPR with two rescuers is 3:1, prioritizing ventilation over compressions.

Incorrect. During CPR with an advanced airway, 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation.

Incorrect. The cumulative maximum dose of amiodarone in pediatric cardiac arrest is 15 mg/kg IV/IO, given in divided doses.

Incorrect. Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures high-quality chest compressions.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms ET tube placement and monitors ventilation in real time.

Incorrect. The total dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg to avoid toxicity.

Incorrect. The compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer infant CPR is 30:2, ensuring adequate perfusion and oxygenation.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment to reduce airway swelling and improve oxygenation.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is essential in managing PEA while addressing potential reversible causes.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is administered to improve cardiac output and perfusion during neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Fluids restore perfusion, and antibiotics treat the underlying infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. Neonates transition to higher oxygen saturation levels gradually, targeting 80-85% by 5 minutes of life.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery improves oxygen saturation and stabilizes respiratory distress in children.

Incorrect. Vasopressors help improve perfusion and cardiac output when fluid resuscitation alone is insufficient.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for stable or unstable pediatric SVT and is increased if needed.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates effective chest compressions and perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for pediatric anaphylaxis, administered into the mid-thigh.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure and restores ventilation in cases of tension pneumothorax.

Incorrect. The first shock in VF or pulseless VT is delivered at 2 J/kg, with subsequent shocks at 4 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. Delivering 8-10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. Adenosine is the first-line drug for stable SVT and is used to interrupt reentrant tachyarrhythmias.